Clinical analysis of 24-hour dynamic electrocardiographic changes in 323 middle-aged and older adult patients with cardiovascular disease / 中国基层医药

Objective:To analyze the 24-hour dynamic electrocardiographic changes in middle-aged and older adult patients with cardiovascular disease, providing effective guidance for clinical targeted intervention.Methods:The clinical data of 232 middle-aged and older adult patients who received treatment in Shanxi Coal Central Hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these patients, 166 patients with cardiovascular disease aged ≥ 60 years were included in the observation group, and 157 patients with cardiovascular disease aged < 60 years were included in the control group. The 24-hour dynamic electrocardiographic changes were compared between the two groups.Results:The detection rates of atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, sinus arrhythmias, complex ventricular arrhythmias, and complex atrial arrhythmias in the observation group were 96.99%, 88.55%, 28.31%, 39.76%, and 52.41% respectively, which were significantly higher than 50.32%, 50.96%, 8.28%, 9.55%, 8.92% in the control group ( χ2 = 19.21, 28.75, 23.45, 6.90, 8.06, all P < 0.001). The time of myocardial ischemia attack in the observation group [(1.5 ± 0.5) minutes] was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(2.5 ± 0.5) minutes, t = 23.09, P < 0.001)]. The time of myocardial ischemia attack in the observation group was mostly from 0:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. Conclusion:Patients aged ≥ 60 years are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increase with increasing age. In particular at 0:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m., 24-hour dynamic electrocardiographic changes should be monitored to further understand the actual situation of patients and guide clinical effective prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia.

Predictive value of dynamic electrocardiography for myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of dynamic electrocardiography (ECG) for myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 87 patients with coronary heart disease who received treatment in Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to January 2022 were included in this study. These patients were divided into a conventional ECG group (group A, n = 40) and a dynamic ECG group (group B, n = 47) according to different examination methods. The detection rate of myocardial ischemia in the two groups was determined. The diagnostic efficacy of routine ECG and dynamic ECG for myocardial ischemia was analyzed according to the results of coronary angiography. The detection rate of arrhythmia was determined in each group. Patient satisfaction was compared between the two groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the total detection rate of myocardial ischemia between the two groups ( P = 0.154). The detection rate of asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in group B [25% (25/47)] was significantly higher than that in group A [10% (10/40), χ2 = 5.24, P = 0.020). According to the results of coronary angiography, the detection rates of myocardial ischemia in group A and group B were 68% (27/40) and 87% (41/47), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of group B in diagnosing myocardial ischemia were 80% (33/41), [67% (4/6), and 74% (35/47), respectively, all of which were significantly higher than 74% (20/27), [46% (6/13), 68% (27/40) in group A ( χ2 = 8.03, 5.89, 5.03, P = 0.003, 0.012, 0.005). The detection rates of premature ventricular contraction in bi-triplet rhythm, frequent paired premature atrial contraction in bi-triplet rhythm, right bundle-branch block, atrioventricular block, supraventricular tachycardia in group B were significantly higher compared with group A ( χ2 = 10.78, P = 0.001). According to the results of coronary angiography, the detection rates of arrhythmia in groups A and B were 65% (26/40) and 79% (37/47), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of diagnosing arrhythmia in coronary heart disease in group B were 86% (32/37), 40% (4/10), and 81% (38/47), respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosing arrhythmia in coronary heart disease in group B were significantly higher than those in group A [58% (15/26), 55% (22/40), χ2 = 7.30, 4.90, P = 0.005, 0.010). Patient satisfaction in group B [87% (41/47)] was significantly higher than that in group A [65% (26/40), χ2 = 6.24, P = 0.044]. Conclusion:Compared with conventional ECG detection, dynamic ECG has substantially higher detection and diagnosis rates of myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, as well as a higher patient satisfaction rate, in patients with coronary heart disease, in particular in those with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia.

Scanning of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as an etiological risk factor in patients with acute ischemic stroke: prospective study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Prevention of recurrence of stroke depends on recognition of the underlying mechanism of ischemia. OBJECTIVE: To screen patients who were hospitalized with diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in terms of atrial fibrillation (AF) with repeated Holter electrocardiography recordings. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study conducted at Konya Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. METHODS: Patients with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, without atrial fibrillation on electrocardiography (ECG), were evaluated. Their age, gender, histories of previous ischemic attack, occurrences of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and other risks were assessed during the first week after acute ischemic stroke and one month thereafter. ECG recordings were obtained from 130 patients through 24-hour ambulatory Holter. Patients without PAF attack during the first Holter were re-evaluated. RESULTS: PAF was detected through the first Holter in 33 (25.4%) out of 130 acute ischemic stroke patients. A second Holter was planned for 97 patients: 53 (54.6%) of them could not attend due to COVID-19 pandemic; while 44 (45.3%) patients had the second Holter and, among these, 4 (9.1%) had PAF. The only parameter associated with PAF was older age. Four (10.8%) of the 37 patients with PAF had also symptomatic carotid stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: Detecting the presence of PAF by screening patients with no AF in the ECG through Holter ECG examinations is valuable in terms of changing the course of the treatment. It should be kept in mind that the possibility of accompanying PAF cannot be ruled out in the presence of other factors that pose a risk of stroke.

The study on the value of synchronized 12-lead Holter in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease myocardial ischemia / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of synchronized 12-lead Holter in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease myocardial ischemia.Methods:A total of 101 patients with coronary heart disease who came to the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from May 2019 to May 2020 were selected. They all received conventional electrocardiogram(ECG) and synchronized 12-lead Holter examinations. The value of different examination methods in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia was compared, and the characteristics of myocardial ischemia in patients with different degrees of coronary artery disease were analyzed.Results:The detection rates of synchronized 12-lead Holter for myocardial ischemia in single-vessel coronary artery disease and multi-vessel coronary artery disease were 28.71% (29/101) and 56.44%(57/101), respectively, which were slightly higher than 17.82%(18/101) and 45.54% (46/101) of conventional ECG, but with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05), the total myocardial ischemia detection rate of synchronized 12-lead Holter was 85.15%(86/101), which was higher than 63.37%(64/101) of conventional ECG ( P<0.05). The mean frequency of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease diagnosed by synchronized 12-lead Holter was higher than that of conventional ECG, and the duration and amplitude of ST-segment depression were higher than those in conventional ECG ( P<0.05). The detection rates of lateral and inferior myocardial ischemia on synchronized 12-lead Holter were 16.28%(14/86) and 22.09%(19/86), respectively, which were higher than 0 of conventional ECG. The detection rate of myocardial ischemia in the anterior septum/anterior wall was 61.62%(53/86), which was lower than 100.00% (64/64)of the conventional ECG ( P<0.01). Synchronized 12-lead Holter in the diagnosis of coronary cardiac myocardial ischemia was highly consistent with that by coronary angiography, the Kappa value was 0.648, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and negative predictive value were 93.33%, 81.82%, 92.08% and 60.00%, respectively, which were higher than 54.44%, 63.64%, 55.45%, 14.58% of conventional ECG ( P<0.05). The number of myocardial ischemic attacks in patients with multi-vessel disease of coronary heart disease was more than that of single vessel disease ( P<0.05), the mean frequency of myocardial ischemia was higher than that of single vessel disease, and the duration and amplitude of ST-terminal depression were higher than those of patients with single-vessel disease ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Synchronized 12-lead Holter is more effective than conventional ECG in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemic attack of coronary heart disease, and it is more consistent with coronary angiography. It can clarify the frequency and extent of myocardial ischemic attacks and help identify the location of myocardial ischemia. It can be used as an important basis for screening myocardial ischemia attacks of coronary heart disease.

Correlation between circadian blood pressure pattern and heart rate variability and stroke severity and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between circadian blood pressure pattern and heart rate variability and stroke severity and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Patients with first-ever AIS admitted to the Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2015 to January 2021 were retrospectively included. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and ambulatory electrocardiogram (AECG) were performed after admission. The severity of stroke was assessed according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. ≤8 were defined as minor stroke, and >8 were defined as moderate to severe stroke. The modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the clinical outcome at 3 months after onset. ≤ 2 were defined as good outcomes, and >2 were defined as poor outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of stroke severity and outcome. Results:A total of 516 patients with AIS were enrolled, including 328 male (63.57%), aged 59.62±6.67 years old. Among them, 266 patients (51.55%) were in the minor stroke group and 250 (48.45%) were in the moderate to severe stroke group. There were 463 patients (89.73%) were in the good outcome group and 53 (10.27%) were in the poor outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (odds ratio [ OR] 5.021, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 2.635-10.923; P<0.001), atrial fibrillation ( OR 3.896, 95% CI 2.574-8.521; P<0.001), circadian blood pressure pattern (non-dipper type: OR 2.436, 95% CI 1.031-4.749, P<0.001; reverse dipper type: OR 2.654, 95% CI 1.642-5.268, P<0.001), SDNN ( OR 0.298, 95% CI 0.114-0.730; P=0.002), SDANN ( OR 0.325, 95% CI 0.200-0.679; P=0.009), rMSSD ( OR 0.437, 95% CI 0.255-0.876; P=0.016) and pNN50 ( OR 0.369, 95% CI 0.291-0.767; P=0.013) were the independent influencing factors of stroke severity. Hypertension ( OR 4.857, 95% CI 1.957-8.552; P<0.001), baseline NIHSS score ( OR 2.189, 95% CI 1.597-3.315; P<0.001), stroke severity ( OR 3.853, 95% CI 2.316-5.958; P<0.001), circadian blood pressure pattern (non-dipper type: OR 2.997, 95% CI 1.128-5.430, P<0.001; reverse dipper type: OR 3.703, 95% CI 1.478-5.902; P<0.001), SDNN ( OR0.369, 95% CI 0.215-0.779; P=0.015), SDANN ( OR 0.372, 95% CI 0.198-0.862; P=0.018), rMSSD ( OR 0.455, 95% CI 0.314-0.896; P=0.026) and pNN50 ( OR 0.448, 95% CI 0.307-0.825; P=0.021) were the independent influencing factors of poor outcomes. Conclusion:The non-dipper and reverse dipper circadian blood pressure patterns and lower heart rate variability are independently associated with stroke severity and poor outcomes in patients with AIS.

Locais de Reconexão na Técnica de Reablação após Isolamento das Veias Pulmonares com Criobalão em Pacientes com Fibrilação Atrial Paroxística / Reconnection Sites in Redo Ablation after Cryoballoon Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Resumo Fundamento Na fibrilação atrial paroxística (FAP), o isolamento das veias pulmonares com criobalão (IVP-CB) tem eficácia semelhante à da ablação por radiofrequência (IVP-RF). Em procedimentos de reablação após IVP-RF, a reconexão das VPs é alta, ao passo que em pacientes com reablação após IVP-CB, as informações são escassas. Objetivo Determinar os locais de reconexão das VPs em pacientes que foram submetidos à reablação após IVP-CB inicial. Métodos Pacientes que foram submetidos a um procedimento de reablação de fibrilação atrial, após um IVP-CB inicial para FAP foram incluídos. O mapeamento eletroanatômico do AE foi utilizado. Um local de reconexão foi definido com a presença de uma voltagem de 0,3mV ou maior nas VPs e condução unidirecional ou bidirecional nas VPs durante o ritmo sinusal. Os locais de reconexão foram identificados por meio de corte paraesternal longitudinal e posteriormente ablacionados com radiofrequência. Resultados Dos 165 pacientes submetidos ao IVP inicial, 27 necessitaram reablações, dos quais 18 (66,6%) eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 55+12,3 anos. O tempo de recorrência foi de 8,9+6,4 meses. A reconexão das VPs foi encontrada em 21 (77,8%) pacientes. Houve um total de 132 lacunas de condução, seis por paciente, 3,6 por VP. Um número significativo de lacunas ocorreu na região ântero-superior da VP superior esquerda (VPSE) e nas regiões septal e inferior da VP superior direita (VPSD). Conclusões As VPs superiores apresentaram os locais de maior reconexão, principalmente na região anterior da VPSE e na região septal da VPSD. A razão por trás disso pode ser devido à maior espessura da parede atrial e à dificuldade em alcançar o contato de criobalão adequado.

Abstract Background In paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), pulmonary vein isolation using cryoballoon (CB-PVI) has similar efficacy as radiofrequency ablation (RF-PVI) has. In redo ablation procedures following RF-PVI, PV reconnection is high, whereas in patients with redo following CB-PVI, information is scarce. Objective To determine the sites of PV reconnection in patients who underwent redo ablation after initial CB-PVI. Methods Patients who underwent an AF redo procedure, following an initial CB-PVI for PAF were included. LA electroanatomic mapping was used. A reconnection site was defined as the presence of a voltage of 0.3mV or greater in the PV and unidirectional or bidirectional conduction in the PV during sinus rhythm. Reconnections sites were identified using a clock-face view description and were ablated with radiofrequency afterwards. Results Out of the 165 patients who underwent initial PVI, 27 required redo ablations, of which 18 (66.6%) were males, with a mean age of 55+12.3 years. The time of recurrence was 8.9+6.4 months. PV reconnection was found in 21 (77.8%) patients. There was a total of 132 conduction gaps, six per patient, 3.6 per PV. A significant number of gaps were in the anterosuperior region of the left superior PV (LSPV), and in the septal and inferior regions of the right superior PV (RSPV). Conclusions The upper PVs had the most reconnection sites, mostly at the anterior region of the LSPV and the septal region of the RSPV. The reason behind this may be due to greater atrial wall thickness, and difficulty in achieving adequate cryoballoon contact.

Confirmación diagnóstica de la metodología diseñada para evaluar los registros Holter durante 18 horas mediante la entropía proporcional / Diagnostic confirmation of the methodology designed to evaluate the Holter registers for 18 hours through proportional entropy

Resumen Introducción: Los sistemas dinámicos, la entropía y la probabilidad han contribuido de forma significativa al desarrollo de nuevas metodologías que caracterizan al grado de complejidad de la dinámica cardíaca. Objetivo: Confirmar la aplicabilidad clínica de la metodología fundamentada en la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos, la probabilidad y la entropía para evaluar la dinámica cardíaca durante 18 horas. Material y métodos: Se tomaron 570 registros Holter normales en diferentes enfermedades. Para cada uno se construyó un atractor en un mapa de retardo y se evaluó la probabilidad de ocupación de pares ordenados de frecuencias cardíacas durante 18 horas, así como la entropía y sus proporciones. Se compararon las medidas obtenidas con los valores de normalidad y enfermedad establecidos previamente para obtener el diagnóstico matemático de cada Holter. Las conclusiones del Holter se revelaron luego de aplicar la metodología fisicomatemática para calcular sensibilidad, especificidad y coeficiente kappa respecto de la norma de referencia clínica. Resultados: Con las proporciones de la entropía de los atractores se diferenciaron dinámicas cardíacas agudas, crónicas, normales y la evolución entre estos estados con resultados de sensibilidad y especificidad del 100% con una concordancia entre la norma de referencia y el diagnóstico fisicomatemático evaluado con el coeficiente kappa de 1. Conclusiones: Este estudio confirma que la metodología aplicada logra diagnosticar objetivamente la dinámica cardíaca, ya que establece predicciones de estados de normalidad o del nivel de agravamiento de la dinámica, y evidencia la aplicabilidad de esta metodología, lo cual sugiere su potencial uso en el contexto clínico.

Abstract Introduction: Dynamic systems, entropy and probability have contributed significantly in the development of new methodologies that characterize the degree of complexity of cardiac dynamics. Objective: To confirm the clinical applicability of the methodology based on the theory of dynamic systems, probability and entropy to evaluate cardiac dynamics during 18 hours. Material and methods: 570 normal Holter records with different pathologies were taken. For each one an attractor was built on the delay map and the probability of occupation of ordered pairs of heart rates during 18 hours was evaluated, as well as the entropy and its proportions. The measurements obtained were compared with the values of normality and illness established previously to obtain the mathematical diagnosis of each Holter. The conclusions of the Holter were unblinded after having applied the physical-mathematical methodology to calculate sensitivity, specificity and Kappa coefficient with respect to the Gold-Standard. Results: With the proportions of the entropy of the attractors, acute, chronic, normal, and evolution cardiac dynamics were differentiated between these states. the application of the methodology showed a sensitivity and specificity of 100 %. The agreement between the Gold-Standard and the physical-mathematical diagnosis evaluated with the kappa coefficient was 1. Conclusions: This study confirms that the applied methodology manages to objectively diagnose cardiac dynamics, establishing predictions of normality states or the level of aggravation of the dynamics, evidencing the applicability of this methodology, suggesting its potential use in the clinical context.

Utilidad de un sistema de registro de una derivación electrocardiográfica y transmisión inalámbrica durante la pandemia por COVID-19 / Electrocardiographic Recording System and Wireless Transmission During the COVID-19 Pandemic

RESUMEN Introducción: Se ha comunicado que algunos tratamientos utilizados para la infección por COVID-19 pueden ocasionar alteraciones del intervalo QT y arritmias graves. La medición por electrocardiograma (ECG) convencional requiere personal adicional y riesgo de contagio. Nuevas tecnologías para obtención de un ECG conectados a teléfonos inteligentes (smartphones) proporcionan una alternativa para evaluación del QTc. Objetivo: El objetivo fue evaluar la factibilidad de un dispositivo para registro electrocardiográfico de un canal, para la medición del intervalo QT en pacientes con sospecha o confirmación de infección por COVID-19, antes de recibir drogas que prolongan el intervalo QT. Material y métodos: Se obtuvieron registros de ECG con un dispositivo Kardia Mobile (KM) con trasmisión a un smarthphone. La sección de electrofisiología cardíaca centralizó la recepción por medio electrónico de los ECG en formato de archivo pdf y realizó las mediciones de los intervalos QTm y QTc. Resultados: Se estudiaron 31 pacientes, edad promedio 61 años (rango 20-95 años), sospechosos de presentar infección por COVID-19 enrolados para tratamiento con hidroxicloroquina, azitromicina, ritonavir y lopinavir. Los registros pudieron ser leídos en todos los casos, y debieron repetirse en dos casos. Los valores del intervalo QTc promedio en varones y mujeres fue 423 mseg (rango 380-457 mseg) y 439 mseg (rango 391-540 mseg), respectivamente. El tiempo de respuesta desde el envío del ECG al grupo de análisis fue 11 min (rango 1-155). Conclusiones: Los registros ECG obtenidos con dispositivos KM, para trasmisión a un smartphone a un grupo central de lectura, permitieron la medición del intervalo QTc en todos los pacientes.

ABSTRACT Background: Some therapies used for COVID-19 can prolong the QT interval and produce severe arrhythmias. QT interval measured from a standard electrocardiogram (ECG) requires additional personnel and risk of infection. Novel technologies to obtain an ECG connected to smartphones provide an alternative for the evaluation of corrected QT interval (QTc). Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a single-lead ECG device to measure the QT interval in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 before receiving treatment with drugs that can prolong the QT interval. Methods: The ECG was obtained with a KardiaMobile (KM) device and transmitted to a smartphone. The ECG recordings were saved as pdf files and electronically submitted to the electrophysiology section which centralized the reception and assessed the measured QT and QTc intervals. Results: A total of 31 patients (mean age 61 years, range 20-95 years) with suspected COVID-19 enrolled for treatment with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ritonavir or lopinavir were analyzed. The recordings could be read in all the cases and had to be repeated in two cases. The mean value of the QTc interval was 423 ms (range 380-457 ms) in men and 439 ms (range 391-540 ms) in women. The response time since the ECG recording was submitted for analysis was 11 min (range 1-155). Conclusions: The QTc interval could be measured from ECG recordings obtained with KM devices connected to a smartphone and transmitted to a centralized reading center in all patients.

Aplicación de la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot al diagnóstico de la dinámica cardíaca normal y aguda / Application of the law of Zipf-Mandelbrot to the diagnosis of normal and acute cardiac dynamics

Introducción: Es conocida la capacidad de los fractales estadísticos en la evaluación de la complejidad de diferentes sistemas cuya dinámica pueda ser evaluada a partir de las frecuencias de una variable; para esto, se utiliza la medida de la dimensión fractal estadística, la cual puede ser calculada con la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot. Esta ley matemática ha sido aplicada en cardiología para evaluar el grado de complejidad de la dinámica cardíaca. En el presente trabajo se aplicó la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot junto con la metodología diagnóstica desarrollada previamente para evaluar dinámicas cardíacas normales y con enfermedad aguda. Materiales y métodos: Se tomaron 15 registros Holter; 10 con diagnóstico normal y 5 con patologías agudas de pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se organizaron jerárquicamente las frecuencias de aparición de las frecuencias cardíacas de cada dinámica en rangos de a 15 lat/min, en busca del comportamiento hiperbólico necesario para la aplicación de la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot. Posteriormente se realizó una linealización y se obtuvo la dimensión fractal estadística para cada dinámica. Resultados: Los valores de la dimensión fractal estadística para una dinámica cardíaca aguda variaron entre 0.4925 y 0.6061, mientras que para una dinámica normal variaron entre 0.7134 y 0.9749, evidenciando la diferenciación entre ambos grupos. Conclusiones: El comportamiento fractal estadístico de la dinámica cardíaca fue corroborado, de igual forma la pérdida de complejidad para las dinámicas agudas respecto a las dinámicas normales

Background: The capacity of statistical fractals in the evaluation of the complexity of different systems whose dynamics can be evaluated from the frequencies of a variable is known. This is why the measure of the statistical fractal dimension is used, which can be calculated with the Zipf-Mandelbrot law, this mathematical law has been applied in cardiology evaluating the degree of complexity of cardiac dynamics. In the present work, the Zipf-Mandelbrot law was applied together with the diagnostic methodology previously developed to evaluate normal cardiac dynamics and acute disease. Material and methods: 15 Holter records were taken; 10 with normal diagnosis and 5 with acute pathologies of patients of the Intensive Care Unit. The frequencies of occurrence of the heart frequencies of each dynamics were organized hierarchically in ranges of 15 lat/min, in search of the hyperbolic behavior required for the application of the law of Zipf-Mandelbrot. Subsequently, a linearization was performed and the statistical fractal dimension was obtained for each dynamics. Results: The values of the statistical fractal dimension for acute cardiac dynamics varied between 0.4925 and 0.6061, whereas for normal dynamics they varied between 0.7134 and 0.9749, evidencing the differentiation between both groups. Conclusions: The statistical fractal behavior of the cardiac dynamics was corroborated, as well as the loss of complexity for the acute dynamics with respect to the normal dynamics

Aplicabilidad clínica de software diagnóstico de la dinámica cardíaca basado en la Ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot / Clinical applicability of the diagnostic software of cardiac dynamics based on the Zipf-Mandelbrot law

RESUMEN Introducción: La Ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot permitió el desarrollo de una metodología que realiza distinciones cuantitativas entre dinámicas cardíacas agudas y normales, de forma objetiva y reproducible. Objetivo: Confirmar la capacidad diagnóstica y utilidad clínica de un software que automatiza una metodología basada en la Ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot, que realiza diagnósticos objetivos de la dinámica cardíaca. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ciego con 80 registros Holter, 20 normales y 60 con hallazgos patológicos. El software organizó de manera jerárquica las frecuencias cardíacas mediante las frecuencias de aparición en rangos de 15 lat/min, linealizó los datos y obtuvo la dimensión fractal estadística, lo cual permitió la realización del análisis de complejidad. Resultados: La dimensión fractal estadística de los registros Holter normales se halló entre 0,720 y 0,913, y exhibió valores entre 0,454 y 0,665 en los registros Holter anormales. Se encontró un coeficiente Kappa de 1, y valores de especificidad y sensibilidad de 100%. Conclusiones: Se confirmó la utilidad clínica del software que automatiza la metodología fundamentada en La ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot, el cual permitió evaluar el comportamiento de los sistemas cardíacos normales y agudos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Zipf-Mandelbrot law allowed the development of a methodology that makes quantitative distinctions between acute and normal cardiac dynamics in an objective and reproducible way. Objective: To confirm the diagnostic capacity and clinical utility of the software that automates a methodology based on the Zipf-Mandelbrot law that performs objective diagnoses of the cardiac dynamics. Material and Methods: A blind study was performed with 80 Holter records, 20 normal and 60 with pathological findings. The software organized heart rates in a hierarchical way through their frequencies of occurrence in ranges of 15 beats per min, linearized data, and obtained statistical fractal dimension which allowed the realization of the complexity analysis. Results: The statistical fractal dimension of the normal Holter records was found between 0,720 and 0,913, and exhibited values ​​between 0,454 and 0,665 in the abnormal Holter records. A Kappa coefficient of 1, and specificity and sensitivity values ​​of 100% were found. Conclusions Methods: The clinical utility of the Software that automates the methodology based on the Zipf-Mandelbrot law was confirmed, which allowed to evaluate the behavior of normal and acute cardiac systems.

Clinical efficacy of anti-anxiety treatment in patients with arrhythmia / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To analyze the relationship between arrhythmias and anxiety, and to evaluate the effect of anti-anxiety treatment in patients with arrhythmias while given conventional treatment.@*Methods@#From February 2015 to February 2017, 111 patients with arrhythmia in the Fourth Hospital of Handan were selected in the study, and they were divided into treatment group(n=62) and control group(n=49) according to the admission to single and double wards.The control group was treated with conventional anti-arrhythmias drugs, while the treatment group was treated with low-dose of anti-anxiety drugs and conventional anti-arrhythmias drugs.The therapeutic effects, symptoms improvement time and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The effective rate in the treatment group was 96.8%(60/62), which in the control group was 77.6%(38/49), the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=9.78, P<0.05). The time of symptoms improvement significantly was (4.7±1.1)d in the treatment group, which in the control group was (6.9±1.3)d, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(t=7.33, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in side effect between the two groups(P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Arrhythmia has a certain relationship with anxiety.Anti-anxiety combined with anti-arrhythmic treatment can improve the curative effect of patients with arrhythmia and shorten the time when symptoms begin to improve.

Relationship between ambulatory blood pressure parameters and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To relationship between ambulatory 24h blood pressure parameters and left ventricular hyper‐trophy in patients with essential hypertension .Methods :A total of 106 EH patients (EH group) and 50 healthy vol‐unteers (healthy control group) were selected from our hospital ,and all subjects received 24h ambulatory blood pres‐sure monitoring .According to clinical condition ,EH patients were divided into stage I group (n＝43) ,stage II and III group (n＝63) ;according to left ventricular mass index (LVMI) ,they were divided into no left ventricular hy‐pertrophy (NLVH) group (n＝ 56 ) and LVH group (n＝ 50 ) ,blood pressure load and blood pressure variability (BPV) indexes were compared among above groups .Results : Compared with stage I group ,there were significant rise in percentages of 24hSBP load ≥ 25% (20. 93% vs.77.78%) , 24h mean SBP (24hmSBP )≥ 130mmHg (30.23% vs.73.02%) and 24hSBP standard deviation (24hSSD)≥11.9 (16. 27% vs.82. 54%) in stage II and III group , P＝0. 001 all.Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in daytime mean DBP (dm‐DBP) ,nighttime mean DBP (nmDBP) ,24hSBP load ,24hDBP load and nighttime SBP (nSBP) load in NLVH group and LVH group , P＜0.05 or ＜0.01 ;compared with NLVH group ,there were significant rise in 24hmSBP ,night‐time mean SBP (nmSBP) ,daytime SBP (dSBP) load ,24hSSD and daytime SBP standard deviation (dSSD) in LVH group , P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ; compared with stage I group , there were significant rise in 24hmSBP , nmSBP , 24hSBPload ,nSBP load ,24hSSD ,dSSD and nighttime SBP standard deviation (nSSD) in stage II and III group , P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. Conclusion : The 24h blood pressure parameters is closely associated with left ventricular hyper‐trophy in patients with essential hypertension .Reducing 24h ambulatory blood pressure load and variability can re‐duce risk of left ventricular hypertrophy .

Clinical efficacy of anti－anxiety treatment in patients with arrhythmia / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the relationship between arrhythmias and anxiety , and to evaluate the effect of anti －anxiety treatment in patients with arrhythmias while given conventional treatment .Methods From February 2015 to February 2017,111 patients with arrhythmia in the Fourth Hospital of Handan were selected in the study,and they were divided into treatment group (n＝62) and control group (n＝49) according to the admission to single and double wards.The control group was treated with conventional anti －arrhythmias drugs,while the treatment group was treated with low －dose of anti －anxiety drugs and conventional anti －arrhythmias drugs.The therapeutic effects,symptoms improvement time and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups .Results The effective rate in the treatment group was 96.8%(60／62), which in the control group was 77.6%(38／49), the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 ＝9.78,P＜0.05).The time of symptoms improve－ment significantly was (4.7 ±1.1)d in the treatment group ,which in the control group was (6.9 ±1.3)d,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t＝7.33,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in side effect between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Arrhythmia has a certain relationship with anxiety.Anti－anxiety combined with anti －arrhythmic treatment can improve the curative effect of patients with arrhythmia and shorten the time when symptoms begin to improve.

Cryptogenic Acute Ischemic Stroke: Assessment of the Performance of a New Continuous Long-Term Monitoring System in the Detection of Atrial Fibrillation / AVC Isquêmico Agudo Criptogênico: Avaliação do Desempenho de um Novo Sistema de Monitorização Contínua e Prolongada, via Telefonia Celular, na Detecção de Fibrilação Atrial

Abstract Background: Long-term monitoring has been advocated to enhance the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with stroke. Objective: To evaluate the performance of a new ambulatory monitoring system with mobile data transmission (PoIP) compared with 24-hour Holter. We also aimed to evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias in patients with and without stroke or transient ischemic attack. Methods: Consecutive patients with and without stroke or TIA, without AF, were matched by propensity score. Participants underwent 24-hour Holter and 7-day PoIP monitoring. Results: We selected 52 of 84 patients (26 with stroke or TIA and 26 controls). Connection and recording times were 156.5 ± 22.5 and 148.8 ± 20.8 hours, with a signal loss of 6,8% and 11,4%, respectively. Connection time was longer in ambulatory (164.3 ± 15.8 h) than in hospitalized patients (148.8 ± 25.6 h) (p = 0.02), while recording time did not differ between them (153.7 ± 16.9 and 143.0 ± 23.3 h). AF episodes were detected in 1 patient with stroke by Holter, and in 7 individuals (1 control and 6 strokes) by PoIP. There was no difference in the incidence of arrhythmias between the groups. Conclusions: Holter and PoIP performed equally well in the first 24 hours. Data transmission loss (4.5%) occurred by a mismatch between signal transmission (2.5G) and signal reception (3G) protocols in cell phone towers (3G). The incidence of arrhythmias was not different between stroke/TIA and control groups.

Resumo Fundamentos: Monitorização prolongada permite maior detecção de fibrilação atrial (FA) em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) isquêmico criptogênico. Não há consenso sobre a duração ideal da monitorização ou o valor prognóstico da FA de curta duração. Objetivos: Avaliar o desempenho de um novo sistema de monitorização ambulatorial (PoIP) com transmissão por telefonia celular, comparado ao Holter 24 horas, e a ocorrência de arritmias comparando pacientes com e sem AVC ou ataque isquêmico transitório (AIT). Métodos: Pacientes consecutivos com e sem AVC/AIT, sem FA, foram pareados pelo escore de propensão. Foi utilizado Holter 24 horas e o PoIP por 7 dias. Resultados: Selecionamos 52 de 84 pacientes (26 com AVC/AIT agudo e 26 controles). O tempo de conexão foi de 156,5 ± 22,5 horas e o de gravação no servidor foi de 148,8 ± 20,8 horas, com perdas de 6,8 e 11,4%, respectivamente. Houve maior tempo de conexão nos pacientes ambulatoriais (164,3 ± 15,8 h) que nos hospitalizados (148,8 ± 25,6h) (p = 0,02) com tempo de gravação semelhante (153,7 ± 16,9 e 143 ± 23,3 h). Detectamos FA pelo Holter em 1 paciente com AVC e pela monitorização prolongada em 7 (1 controle e 6 AVC). Não houve diferença na incidência de outras arritmias entre os grupos. Conclusões: Holter e PoIP tiveram desempenho equivalente nas primeiras 24 horas. O menor tempo de monitorização nos pacientes hospitalizados ocorreu por sinal de baixa intensidade. Perda de dados (4,5%) ocorreu por discrepância entre protocolos de transmissão (2,5G) e recepção pelas antenas (3G). A incidência de arritmias não diferiu entre os grupos AVC/AIT e controle.

Clinical value of dynamic electrocardiogram,heart color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical value of dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG),heart color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .Methods A total of 130 cases of suspected paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital were included in the study .The patients received routine ECG,dynamic ECG,heart color Doppler ultrasound examination ,the examination results were analyzed .The clinical comprehensive diagnosis was used as the diagnostic reference ,the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of three methods in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were compared .And the consistency coefficient of three examination results and clinical diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was compared .Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the heart color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were 94.23%,96.15%,94.61%,respectively,which of the dynamic ECG were 97.12%,100.00%,97.69%,respectively, which of the routine ECG were 83.65%,76.92%,82.31%,respectively.The diagnostic sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of the heart color Doppler ultrasound were higher than those of the routine ECG (χ2＝5.915,4.127,9.646, all P＜0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the dynamic ECG were also higher than those of the routine ECG(χ2＝10.843,6.783,17.094,all P＜0.05),the differences of the heart color Doppler ultrasound and dynamic ECG were not statistically significant (χ2＝1.045,1.020,1.664,all P＞0.05).The consistency coeffi－cient of the heart color Doppler ultrasound ,dynamic ECG with the results of clinical diagnosis were 0.735,0.762, respectively,which was higher than that of the routine ECG .Conclusion Dynamic ECG,heart color Doppler ultra－sound in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation has higher accuracy ,sensitivity and specificity,which can be used as the main means of diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .

Correlation among ambulatory blood pressure indexes and P wave dispersion in patients with hyperten-sion / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore P wave dispersion (Pd) change in patients with hypertension ,and study correlation among ambulatory blood pressure indexes and Pd .Methods : A total of 100 patients with hypertension treated in our hospital from Jul 2015 to Jul 2017 were selected as hypertension group .Another 76 healthy subjects without cardio-vascular diseases undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as normal control group .Ac-cording to circadian rhythm of blood pressure ,hypertension group was further divided into dipper group (n＝36 ) and non-dipper group (n＝64).All subjects received 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and 12-lead ECG .P wave maximum time limit (Pmax) ,P wave minimum time limit (Pmin) and Pd were compared among all groups ,and correlation among ambulatory blood pressure indexes and Pd were analyzed .Results : Compared with normal con-trol group ,there were significant rise in Pmax [ (103.13 ± 9.19) ms vs.(118.04 ± 11.14) ms] and Pd [ (24.62 ± 5.96) ms vs.(38.05 ± 7.76) ms] in hypertension group , P＝0.001 both .Compared with dipper group ,there were significant rise in Pmax[ (116.04 ± 10.17) ms vs.(121.13 ± 12.06) ms] and Pd [ (35.05 ± 8.01) ms vs.(40.05 ± 7.16) ms] in non-dipper group , P＝ 0.035 ,0.002. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that Pd was significant positively correlated with 24h mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ,24h SBP standard deviation (SD) ,24h diastolic blood pressure SD ,SBP load ,daytime mean SBP and nighttime mean SBP (r＝0.291～0.455 ,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01). Conclusion : SBP ,SBP load and blood pressure SD are significant positively correlated with Pd in patients with hy-pertension ,suggesting that these indexes possess higher value in assessing atrial injury in these patients .

The diagnostic value of ambulatory electrocardiography combined with carotid ultrasound for coronary heart disease in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of ambulatory electrocardiography (AECG) and carotid ultrasound (CUS) for coronary heart disease (CHD) in elderly patients.Methods A total of 240 elderly patients receiving coronary angiography at our hospital from December 2015 to December 2017 were recruited to this study and were divided into a CHD group (n =147) and a non-CHD group (n=93).Data of ambulatory electrocardiography and carotid ultrasound for each patient were collected and evaluated for their sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value.Results Six patients (6.5％) in the non-CHD group and 111 Patients (75.5％) in the CHD group had AECG-detected ST-segment deviation and thick CIM,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =108.732,P ＜0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of AECG combined with CUS were 75.5 ％,93.6 ％,94.5 ％,and 70.4％,respectively.Conclusions AECG combined with CUS has a good specificity for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

Arritmias Cardíacas en Corazón Estructuralmente Sano Diagnosticadas por Monitoreo Holter Electrocardiográfico y la Correlación Clínica en Pacientes Ambulatorios / Cardiac Arrhythmias in Structurally Healthy Heart Diagnosed by Holter Electrocardiographic Monitoring and Clinical

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen el 31 % de mortalidad en todo el mundo con relación a las diferentes causas de mortalidad. Estudios realizados señalan que una de las causas más frecuente de ingreso hospitalario por enfermedad cardiovascular son las arritmias. Sea utilizado para su diagnóstico la monitorización ambulatoria dinámica o Electrocardiográfica de Holter. Debida a la alta incidencia de arritmias en pacientes con corazón estructuralmente sano, es importante asociar la clínica con el tipo de arritmia más frecuente en los diversos grupos etarios y así poder intervenir de manera oportuna ante esta patología. El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia, tipo de arritmias y su asociación clínica en pacientes con corazón estructuralmente sano a través del HOLTER electrocardiográfico. MÉTODO: Es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en 67 pacientes que acudieron ambulatoriamente a monitorización Holter electrocardiográfica en el período noviembre 2011 a 2012 en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca - Ecuador. RESULTADOS: En relación a la caracterización sociodemográfica, la edad media de los pacientes fue de 43 años, (sexo femenino 64.17 %, sexo masculino 35.83 %), con mayor número de casos en el grupo etario de 18 a 64 años, la ocupación más frecuente fue de empleado privado 35.82 %, seguido de estudiantes 22.39 % y empleado público 20.89 %. Las arritmias más frecuentes fueron las extrasístoles ventriculares y supraventriculares con un 70.15 %, seguidas de las taquiarritmias (paroxismos de taquicardia supraventriculares) con 8.95 % y los trastornos de la conducción (BAV de I grado) con 7.46 %. El motivo de consulta más común fueron las palpitaciones en el 74.42 %, de los cuales el 60.47 % presentaron extrasístoles ventriculares y supraventriculares. Los que acudieron por precordialgia (4.65 %) se encontró que el 100 % presentaron taquiarritmias (paroxismos de taquicardia supraventricular). CONCLUSIONES: Se concluyó que la arritmia más frecuente registrada en pacientes con corazón estructuralmente sano son las extrasístoles ventriculares y supraventriculares, las cuales se asociaron con palpitaciones como síntoma principal. No se encontró un tipo específico de arritmia para cada grupo etario, pero coincidieron en mayor frecuencia con la presencia de extrasístole ventricular y extrasístole supraventricular. En mayor porcentaje los pacientes fueron de sexo femenino, adultos y con ocupación de empleado privado. (AU)

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases represent the 31 % of worldwide mortality if compared to other diseases. Studies indicate thatthemostfrequent cause of hospital admission for cardiovascular diseasewas arrhythmia,whichwas diagnosed by dynamic ambulatorymonitoring or ECGHolter monitor. Due to the high incidence of arrhythmia in patients with structurally normal hearts, it is importanttoassociate the clinicwith themostfrequenttype ofarrhythmiain the variousage groups so as to be able to act on time when dealing with this pathology. The aim was to determine the frequency, type of arrhythmia and it was clinical association in adults with structurally normal hearts through the ECGHolter. METHODS: It was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in outpatients who underwent ECG Holter monitoring during November 2011 to 2012 at Jose Carrasco Arteaga Specialties Hospital, Cuenca ­ Ecuador. RESULTS: In regard to the socio demographic information,theaverageage of patientswas 43 years (64.17 % female, 35.83 % male), with the highest number of cases in the 18-64 age group. The most frequent occupation was private employment (35.82 %) followed by 22.39 % students and 20.89 % public employees. The most common arrhythmias were ventricular and supraventricular extra systoles with 70.15 %, followed by tachyarrhythmia (paroxysms of supraventricular tachycardia) with 8.95 % and conduction disorders (BAV grade I) with 7.46 %. The most common reason for consultationwas palpitations (74.42%) ofwhich 60.47%had ventricular and supraventricular extra systoles. In those who were attended for chest pain (4.65 %) it was found that 100 % had tachyarrhythmia (paroxysmal supraventriculartachycardia). Conclusions : It was concluded that the most common arrhythmia registered in patients with structurally normal hearts was ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles, which were associated with palpitations as the main symptom. No specific type of arrhythmia for each age group was found, butthey frequently coincide with the presence of premature ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles. The highest percentage of patients was female adults who were private employees as theirlabor occupatio (AU)

Hallazgos clínicos, ecocardiográficos y electrocardiográficos en donantes de sangre seropositivos para Trypanosoma cruzi en un centro de referencia del sur de Colombia / Clinical, cardiac ultrasonography, and electrocardiographic findings in blood donors who were found to be seropositive for Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a reference center in southern Colombia

Objetivo: Evaluar las características clínicas y hallazgos electrocardiográficos como de ecocardiografía en pacientes quienes tenían una serología positiva en el banco de sangre de un centro de referencia del sur de Colombia. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, en el que se analizaron todos los eventos de donación del banco de sangre del Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo, de Neiva Huila Colombia, en un periodo comprendido entre enero del 2011 hasta diciembre de 2014. Fueron incluidos pacientes mayores de 18 años, con serología IgG por ELISA positiva para Trypanosoma cruzi, posteriormente confirmada por detección de IgG por inmunofluorecencia indirecta. Se les realizó anamnesis clínica, examen físico, ecocardiogramas transtorácicos y monitoreos electrocardiográficos de ritmo cardiaco 48 durante horas. Resultados: Se registraron 41 865 donantes en el banco de sangre, la prevalencia de infección por T. cruzi fue de 0,15%, promedio de edad 47,8 años, 68,42% de género masculino y la mayoría de zona urbana. Un porcentaje importante de los pacientes manifestó alguna sintomatología relacionada con cardiopátia chagásica. Además la mayoría presentó compromiso de la fracción de inyección del ventrículo izquierdo (leve a moderado) y en la totalidad se detectó alguna anormalidad electrocardiográfica. Conclusión: El hallazgo en el índice de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca se debería considerar como un posible indicador importante en esta patología, en cuanto al reconocimiento temprano antes de notar alteraciones estructurales que generen una falla cardíaca sintomática en esta patología

Objective: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and the electrocardiographic and cardiac ultrasonography findings in patients who had positive serology test results for Chagas' disease in a reference center in southern Colombia. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which we assessed all blood donating events in the blood bank of the Hernando Moncaleano-Perdomo Hospital in Neiva Huila, Colombia, from January, 2011 to December, 2014. Patients more than 18 years old who had positive results in the serum IgG measurement for Trypanosoma cruzi, which had to be confirmed afterwards using indirect immunofluorescence for IgG detection. The patients had a medical history taken, they underwent physical examination, transthoracic cardiac ultrasonography, and electrocardiographic continuous 48-hour monitoring. Results: Nearly forty-two thousand (41,865) blood donors were recorded in the blood bank. The prevalence of T. cruzi infection was 0.15%, the average age of the subjects was 47.8 years, two thirds (68.42%) were male, and most came from urban areas. An important proportion of patients presented with some symptoms related to Chagas' disease cardiopathy, most had alterations in the left ventricular ejection fraction and all of them showed at least one electrocardiographic abnormality. The finding in the index of heart rate variability should be considered as a possible early indicator in this pathology, before the presence of structural alterations that could generate a symptomatic heart failure

Assessment value of heart rate variability for cardiac autonomic nervous function in patients with acute stroke / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To explore assessment value of heart rate variability (HRV) of Holter for cardiac autonomic nervous function in patients with acute stroke.Methods: A total of 80 cases with acute stroke treated in our hospital were regarded as stroke group, and another 80 inpatients without cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases were enrolled as control group simultaneously.Holter was used to perform 24h ambulatory heart rate monitoring on two groups, and the results were compared between two groups.Results: Compared with control group, there were significant reductions in standard deviation of normal to normal RR intervals calculated over the 24 h period [SDNN, (129.89±5.42) ms vs.(92.58±4.36) ms], standard deviation of normal to normal RR intervals in all 5 min segments of the entire recording [SDANN, (118.85±5.79) ms vs.(77.36±4.82) ms], root-mean square of differences between successive normal to normal intervals [rMSSD, (27.04±1.18) ms vs.(7.31±1.09) ms] and adjacent normal RR interval difference >50ms stroke accounted for a percentage of 24h total RR interval [PNN50, (8.97±1.48)% vs.(2.62±0.54)%] in stroke group, P0.05 all.Conclusion: HRV indexes possess significant assessment value for cardiac autonomic nervous function in patients with acute stroke.They can predict patient′s status changes, and help to prevent and identify severe cerebrovascular disease in time.